RIVOJLANAYOTGAN DAVLATLARDA KREDIT PORTFELI RISKINI BOSHQARISHDA RAQAMLI BANK XIZMATLARINING ROLI

Nodirjon Ismatov

RIVOJLANAYOTGAN DAVLATLARDA KREDIT PORTFELI RISKINI BOSHQARISHDA RAQAMLI BANK XIZMATLARINING ROLI

Authors

Nodirjon Ismatov

Keywords:

raqamli bank xizmatlari, kredit portfeli riski, super-app, mobil hamyon, ochiq banking, BNPL (Buy Now Pay Later), e-KYC, muqobil ma’lumotlar, AI scoring, sun’iy intellekt, Regulatory Sandbox, SupTech, RegTech, neobank, Kaspi, Tinkoff, financial inclusion, credit invisible, debt spiral, model drift, kiberxavfsizlik.

Abstract

Ushbu ilmiy maqolada rivojlanayotgan davlatlarda kredit portfeli riskini boshqarishda
raqamli bank xizmatlarining roli atroflicha tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarning raqamli
moliya infratuzilmasi rivojlangan mamlakatlarning an’anaviy bank tizimidagi bosqichlarni aylanib o‘tib,
“super-app” (hamma xizmatlar bitta ilovada), mobil hamyonlar, ochiq banking (open banking) platformalari
va sun’iy intellektga asoslangan kredit baholash modellariga to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri sakrash orqali (leapfrogging)
rivojlanayotgani isbotlangan. Maqolada Xitoyning WeChat Pay va Alipay tizimlari, Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyodagi
Grab va Gojek super-ilovalari, MDH mintaqasidagi Kaspi va Tinkoff bank-ekotizimlari kabi yetakchi misollar
batafsil o‘rganilgan. Raqamli kreditlashning afzalliklari — operatsion xarajatlarni qisqartirish, “credit invisible”
mijozlarga muqobil ma’lumotlar asosida kredit berish, e-KYC va biometrik identifikatsiya, real vaqt rejimida
tranzaksiya monitoringi — bilan bir qatorda, uning yangi riskli oqibatlari ham tahlil qilingan: qarz spirali (debt
spiral), model drift, “qora quti” algoritmlari (black-box), AIga asoslangan firibgarlik, kiberhujumlar va ma’lumotlar
maxfiyligi risklari. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, raqamli kanallar orqali kredit riski namoyon bo‘lish vaqti oylardan
kunlargacha qisqaradi, bu esa regulyator va banklardan SupTech va RegTech texnologiyalariga asoslangan
deyarli real vaqtda monitoring tizimlarini joriy etishni talab qiladi. Maqolada O‘zbekiston uchun raqamli kreditorlar
uchun kredit byurosiga majburiy hisobot, qarz yukini ko‘rsatuvchi yagona indikatorlar, antifraud registrlari va
Regulatory Sandbox mexanizmlarini joriy etish bo‘yicha aniq amaliy tavsiyalar berilgan

Author Biography

Nodirjon Ismatov

Tashkent International University mustaqil tadqiqotchisi

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RIVOJLANAYOTGAN DAVLATLARDA KREDIT PORTFELI RISKINI BOSHQARISHDA RAQAMLI BANK XIZMATLARINING ROLI