DAVLAT ISHTIROKIDAGI TRANSPORT KORXONALARIDA BUDJET MABLAGʻLARIGA QARAMLIKNI KAMAYTIRISHNING MOLIYAVIY-INSTITUTSIONAL OMILLARI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23446195Abstract
Maqolada davlat ishtirokidagi transport korxonalarining budjet mablagʻlariga qaramligini kamaytirish omillari moliyaviy va institutsional jihatlar birligida oʻrganildi. Ya. Kornaining yumshoq budjet cheklovi nazariyasi, siyosiy yuklamalar konsepsiyasi va jamoat xizmati majburiyatlarini kompensatsiyalash amaliyoti asosida budjetga qaramlik koeffitsiyenti hamda oʻz-oʻzini moliyalashtirish koeffitsiyenti taklif etildi. Xalqaro valyuta jamgʻarmasi, Milliy statistika qoʻmitasi va Iqtisodiyot va moliya vazirligi maʼlumotlari boʻyicha jamoat transporti xarajatlarining 65,1 foizi subsidiyalar hisobidan qoplangani, qaramlik koeffitsiyenti 1,87 ga teng boʻlgani aniqlandi. 2025-yilda oʻz va bozor manbalaridan moliyalashtirilgan investitsiyalar davlat taʼminotidagi manbalardan 3,47 barobar koʻp boʻldi. Tuzilmaviy isloh qilingan “Oʻzbekiston temir yoʻllari” AJ 2024-yilda foydaga chiqdi. Muallif tarif, shartnomaviy kompensatsiya, bozor moliyalashuvi va korporativ boshqaruvni ketma-ket bogʻlovchi bosqichli modelni asosladi hamda moliyaviy mustaqillikni oshirishga qaratilgan amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqdi. Natijalar budjet koʻmagini shartnomaviy kompensatsiya bilan cheklash davlat ulushi saqlangan holda ham moliyaviy intizomni kuchaytirishini koʻrsatdi.Keywords
davlat ishtirokidagi korxona, transport, yumshoq budjet cheklovi, budjetga qaramlik, subsidiya, jamoat xizmati majburiyati, oʻz-oʻzini moliyalashtirish, korporativ boshqaruvReferences
Dewatripont, M., & Maskin, E. (1995). Credit and efficiency in centralized and decentralized economies. The Review of Economic Studies, 62(4), 541-555. https://doi.org/10.2307/2298076
Gwilliam, K. (2008). Bus transport: Is there a regulatory cycle? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 42(9), 1183-1194. https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v42y2008i9p1183-1194.html
International Monetary Fund. (2020). Fiscal Monitor, April 2020. Chapter 3: State-owned enterprises: The other government. Washington, DC: IMF. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2020/04/06/ fiscal-monitor-april-2020
International Monetary Fund. (2024, May 14). Uzbekistan: Staff concluding statement of the 2024 Article IV mission. https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2024/05/14/mcs-uzbekistan-staff-concluding-statementof-the-2024-article-iv-mission
Kornai, J. (1986). The soft budget constraint. Kyklos, 39(1), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1986. tb01252.x
Kornai, J., Maskin, E., & Roland, G. (2003). Understanding the soft budget constraint. Journal of Economic Literature, 41(4), 1095-1136. https://doi.org/10.1257/002205103771799999
Kun.uz. (2024, April 6). Uzbekistan significantly ramped up subsidy allocations in 2023 (based on data of the Ministry of Economy and Finance). https://kun.uz/en/news/2024/04/06/uzbekistan-significantlyramped-up-subsidy-allocations-in-2023
Kun.uz. (2025, November 15). Uzbekistan Railways projects $100 million profit by year-end as reforms accelerate. https://kun.uz/en/news/2025/11/15/uzbekistan-railways-projects-100-million-profit-by-yearend-as-reforms-accelerate
Kun.uz. (2026, May 25). Uzbekistan Railways doubles net profit in Q1 2026. https://kun.uz/en/ news/2026/05/25/uzbekistan-railways-doubles-net-profit-in-q1-2026-5332e8
Lin, J. Y., & Tan, G. (1999). Policy burdens, accountability, and the soft budget constraint. American Economic Review, 89(2), 426-431. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.2.426
Megginson, W. L., & Netter, J. M. (2001). From state to market: A survey of empirical studies on privatization. Journal of Economic Literature, 39(2), 321-389. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.39.2.321
OECD. (2024). OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises 2024. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/18a24f43-en
Regulation (EC) No 1370/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on public passenger transport services by rail and by road. Official Journal of the European Union, L 315, 1-13. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2007/1370/oj
Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1994). Politicians and firms. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4), 995-1025. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118354
Simone, A., Ahmedov, S., Wang, S., & Ould-Brahim, A. (2026). State owned enterprises in Uzbekistan: Issues and reform options (IMF Selected Issues Paper SIP/2026/058). International Monetary Fund.
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020-yil 27-oktyabrdagi PF-6096-son “Davlat ishtirokidagi korxonalarni isloh qilishni jadallashtirish hamda davlat aktivlarini xususiylashtirishga oid chora-tadbirlar toʻgʻrisida”gi Farmoni. https://lex.uz/docs/-5068824
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Hukumat portali. (2024, 7-avgust). Temir yoʻl sohasidagi natijalar va rejalar koʻrib chiqildi. https://gov.uz/oz/news/view/18234
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Milliy statistika qoʻmitasi. (2026). Asosiy kapitalga investitsiyalar (2025-yil yanvar-dekabr). Press-reliz. https://stat.uz/img/press-relizlar/invest-uzb_p62788.pdf
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Milliy statistika qoʻmitasi. (2026). Asosiy kapitalga investitsiyalar (2026-yil yanvar-iyun). Press-reliz. https://stat.uz/img/press-relizlar/invest--uzb_p53153.pdf
Spot.uz. (2026, 30-iyul). Avtobus uchun yoʻl haqini iqtisodiy asoslangan darajaga oshirish taklif qilindi (Iqtisodiyot va moliya vazirligi huzuridagi Fiskal tahlil instituti taqdimoti asosida). https://www.spot.uz/ oz/2026/07/30/public-transport/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 GREEN ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
