O‘RMON XO‘JALIGINI MOLIYALASHTIRISHDA MOLIYAVIY RESURSLAR VA MANBALAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17515271Ключевые слова:
o‘rmon xo‘jaligi moliyalashtiruvi; davlat budjeti; donor (ODA/GEF/JB) oqimlari; xususiy investitsiyalar; karbon bozori; PES; MRV; REDD+; Yevropa Ittifoqi (CAP/EAFRD); Markaziy Osiyo; O‘zbekiston; milliy o‘rmon fondiАннотация
Maqolada 2020–2024-yillarda O‘zbekiston, Markaziy Osiyo mamlakatlari va Yevropa Ittifoqida o‘rmon
xo‘jaligini moliyalashtirishning manbalari va instrumentlari tizimli tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot usuli sifatida hujjat tahlili va
ikkilamchi ma’lumotlar ko‘rigi qo‘llanib, moliyaviy oqimlar “davlat-xalqaro-xususiy-karbon/PES” toifalarida kodlandi,
valyuta farqlarini bartaraf etish uchun miqdorlar birxillashtirildi hamda MRV, qo‘shimchalilik va doimiylik kabi indikatorlar
alohida baholandi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, O‘zbekistonda bazaviy moliyalashtirish davlat budjeti hisobidan, landshaft
tiklash va institutsional salohiyat esa donor paketlari orqali jadallashmoqda; Markaziy Osiyoda Qozog‘istonning yong‘in
xavfiga qarshi operatsion xarajatlari sektoral barqarorlikni oshirmoqda, Qirg‘iziston va Tojikistonda kichik grant-kreditlar
hamjamiyatga yo‘naltirilgan boshqaruvni kuchaytiradi. Yevropa Ittifoqida CAP/EAFRD, LIFE va milliy o‘rmon fondlari
(masalan, Avstriya) moslashuvchan, natija-asosli moliyalashtirish modelini taqdim etadi. Mualliflar davlat budjeti, donor
oqimlari, xususiy kapital va karbon/PES instrumentlarini bir “paket”da birlashtirish hamda ularni aniq ko‘rsatkichlar bilan
shartlashni strategik yechim sifatida taklif etadilar.
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