HUDUDDA TURISTIK DESTINATSIYALARNING BARQAROR RIVOJLANISHIDA OVERTOURISM TA’SIRINI KAMAYTIRISH USULLARI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18230953Keywords:
haddan tashqari ko‘p turistlar tashrifi, barqaror turizm, turistik manzil, madaniy turizm, shahar turizmi, bardoshlilik sig‘imi, oqimni boshqarish, raqamli monitoringAbstract
Haddan tashqari ko‘p turistlar tashrifi (overtourism) turistik oqimning keskin o‘sishi natijasida hududning
ekologik, ijtimoiy va infratuzilmaviy sig‘imiga ortiqcha yuklanish yuzaga kelishi, mahalliy aholi farovonligining pasayishi
hamda turistlar taassurotlarining salbiylashuvi bilan bog‘liq holat sifatida namoyon bo‘ladi. Mazkur maqolada hududdagi
turistik destinatsiyalarning barqaror rivojlanishi sharoitida haddan tashqari turistlar yuklanishi ta’sirini kamaytirish usullari
ilmiy asosda tizimlashtirildi va Samarqand viloyati misolida (madaniy va shahar turizmi) 2024-yilda rasmiy ma’lumotlar
asosida tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot metodologiyasi doirasida qiyosiy-tahliliy yondashuv, keys-tadqiqot, indikatorlar tizimi
(oqim–sig‘im–bosim–ta’sir) hamda boshqaruv instrumentlari portfelidan foydalanildi. Natijalar bo‘limida O‘zbekiston
bo‘yicha 2024-yilda turistik maqsadda kelgan chet el fuqarolari soni 8,2 mln nafarni, Samarqand viloyatida esa 2 mln 523
ming nafardan ortiq xorijiy va 4 mln 715 ming nafar mahalliy sayyoh tashrif buyurgani asosida hududiy bosim nuqtalari,
kunlik va mavsumiy zichlik, shahar markazida funksional tiqilish hamda servis inflyasiyasi kabi xatarlar aniqlab berildi.
Xorijiy tajribada (Venesiya, Amsterdam, Barselona) qo‘llanilayotgan tarif, kvota, vaqt-slot, litsenziya va raqamli nazorat
mexanizmlari bilan qiyosiy tahlil asosida Samarqand shahri uchun amaliy takliflar paketi ishlab chiqildi. Jumladan, “erta
ogohlantirish indeksi”, dinamik narxlash mexanizmi, piyodalar hududlari rejimi, avtoturistlar uchun “park&ride” tizimi, tarixiy
markazda qisqa muddatli ijara litsenziyasi, turistik oqimni tumanlar bo‘yicha diversifikatsiya qiluvchi klaster yo‘nalishlari
hamda jamoa manfaatlarini ta’minlovchi “foyda taqsimoti” modeli taklif etildi.
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