OLIY IQTISODIY TA’LIM ORQALI EKO-INNOVATSIYALAR VA “YASHIL” INVESTITSIYALARNI RAG‘BATLANTIRISH MEXANIZMLARI: SIYOSIY VA INSTITUTSIONAL DOIRALAR
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17551950##article.subject##:
yashil ko‘nikmalarni uyg‘unlashtirish, eko-innovatsiyalar diffuziyasi, oliy iqtisodiy ta’lim, siyosiy kalibrlash, propensiya ballari moslashuvi, boshqaruv izchilligi, sababiy ta’sirni baholash##article.abstract##
Barqaror rivojlanishning asosiy harakatlantiruvchi kuchlaridan biri sifatida, oliy iqtisodiy ta’lim muassasalari
ayrim o‘tish davri iqtisodiyotlarida siyosatga asoslangan eko-innovatsiyalarni joriy etishni rag‘batlantirish uchun mas’uldir.
Yashil investitsiyalarni rag‘batlantirish (siyosiy imtiyozlar, institutsional islohotlar) turli manfaatdor tomonlarga ta’sir
ko‘rsatadigan eng samarali mexanizmlardan biri hisoblanadi. O‘quv dasturlarining mazmuniy asosini integratsiyalash va
muvofiqlashtirish jarayoni boshqaruv tizimini propensiya ballari moslashuvi (propensity score matching) va regression
tahliliga asoslangan holda shakllantirishni ham o‘z ichiga oladi. Biz shunday moslashuvchan modelni ishlab chiqishni
taklif etamizki, unda har bir universitet dasturi eko-ko‘nikmalar portfelini maksimal darajada shakllantiradi va shu orqali
innovatsiyalar tarqalishini uzoq muddatli rag‘batlantirish salohiyatini oshiradi. Tanlovdagi og‘ishlar va kuzatilmagan
geterogenlik endogenlik va o‘lchashdagi xatolarni tuzatish orqali hamda turli institutsional sharoitlar va o‘quv dasturlari
standartlaridagi tafovutlardan kelib chiqqan nomutanosibliklarni kamaytirish orqali hisobga olindi. Shu maqsadda
propensiya ballari baholanib, regressiya tuzatishlari uchun kovariat sifatida ishlatildi. Birinchidan, biz muassasalarni
o‘xshash xususiyatlarga ega bo‘lganlari bilan moslashtirib, o‘quv dasturlarining uyg‘unligini baholadik va davolash ta’sirini
sinash uchun regressiya asosini ishlab chiqdik (davolanganlarga o‘rtacha ta’sir – ATT). Tahlil natijasida 18 foizlik dispersiya
0,05 darajadagi ahamiyat bilan aniqlanib, mustahkam ishonch oralig‘i qayd etildi. Keyingi bosqichlarda 12 foizlik o‘quv
dasturlaridagi ishtirok va qabul qilish ta’siri (ATE), 9 foizlik siyosiy uyg‘unlik (ATT), 7 foizlik institutsional ishtirok (ATT)
va 6 foizlik boshqaruv rag‘batlari (ATE) kuzatildi. Olingan baholar moslashtirilgan namunalar va to‘liq model o‘rtasida
izchillikni ko‘rsatdi, mustahkam baholar esa sezgirlik sinovlari bilan yaqin natijalarni berdi. Taklif etilayotgan gibrid PSM–
regressiya yondashuvi ishonchli sababiy xulosalar olish imkonini berdi. Biroq, institutsional assimetriyalar mavjud bo‘lgan
hollarda, siyosiy muhitdagi nomutanosiblik tufayli yashil investitsiyalarga bo‘lgan talabning ortishi rag‘batlantiruvchi ta’sirni
kamaytirishi mumkin, ayniqsa, rivojlanayotgan kontekstlarda moslashuvning imkoniyat xarajatlari eko-moliyalashtirish
imkoniyatlariga nisbatan yuqori bo‘lsa
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